Operating principle of any air conditioner is based on the features of liquids to absorb heat when they are evaporated and to evolve heat when they are condensed.
Freons are usually used as a working body (liquid which is evaporated and condensed; freon R22 is most widespread nowadays). This coolant boiling temperature is 40.8 ?С, with air pressure of 760 mm hg. The heat is moving with its help; it turns from liquid into steam and from steam into liquid.
The simplest split-system, in case if cooling mode is available only, is functioning as follows. The coolant circulates in a contour, owning to the compressor which is placed in the external block. Freon has a reduced pressure in the part of a contour which is placed in the internal block, this happens because the coolant is restricted in a capillary tube in the external block exit. Thus, after being restricted, freon temperature is about 5-10?С, it begins to boil and turns into vaporous state.
Warm air indoors after getting to the heat exchanger-evaporator of the internal block, partially gives its heat to the coolant. Already cooled air is returned to the room with the help of the tangential fan of the internal block. At the same time, the coolant which is in a vaporized condition is compressed due to the compressor work, its pressure is increasing, and the temperature is rising to 50-60 ?С.
When got into the external block, hot steam is cooled, evolving its heat into the air, and again turns into liquid. At the next stage gas is restricted, and its pressure violently reduces, and the temperature goes down to 5-10 ?С. As a result, liquid starts boiling in the heat exchanger-evaporator of the internal block, absorbing air heat indoors, thus cooling it.
If we consider the work of the air conditioning system with several modes, for example, heating and cooling modes, its functioning is much more complicate.
Main difference of more complex air conditioning system work is that the external block acts as an evaporator when modes are changed and the internal block acts as a condenser; 4-way valve which changes movement directions of the condensed gas also appears. If conditioner is functioning in a “heating” mode, gas, having high heat and pressure, is moving to the internal heat exchanger by the valve; when “cooling” mode is set, gas with the same parameters enters the external heat exchanger through the valve.
In a “heating” mode conditioner is functioning as follows. Compressor starts discharging coolant to the internal part of a contour, intaking it from the external block. Hot gas under pressure is moved into the internal heat exchanger where it turns into liquid and evolves heat into the room. Condensed liquid turns into gas in the external block, after being restricted at the capillary tube exit. Coolant is taken by the compressor again and the cycle repeats. Thus air turns warm in the room.
Air heating indoors is provided at the expense of the street air. It is necessary to consider the fact, that the lower temperature in the street the more difficult for the air conditioner to make this air warm, as a result compressor is wearing off faster, its power consumption increases. In addition to “heating” and “cooling” modes, many conditioners have “auto-mode”, “dehumidifying”, “ventilation” and other modes. When the conditioner is working in a “cooling” mode, the air is dehumidified automatically. In “auto-mode” air conditioner is measuring surrounding temperature and defining the functioning mode. Split-system which has only “cooling” mode, will function between “cooling” and “dehumidifying ” modes if it is working in “auto-mode”. In “Ventilation” mode air conditioner neither heats nor cools air, it only circulates it, and clears it from dust if necessary filters are available.
- Оконный кондиционер| Window air conditioner‘); ?>
- Мобильный кондиционер| Portable air conditioner‘); ?>
- Сплит-системы колонного типа| Columnar type split-systems‘); ?>
- Сплит-системы настенного типа| Wall-mounted split systems‘); ?>
- Мультисплит-системы настенного типа| Wall type multisplit-systems‘); ?>
- Сплит-системы канального типа| Channel type split-systems‘); ?>
- Кассетные сплит-системы| Cassette split-systems ‘); ?>
- Мультизональные сплит-системы| Multizone split-systems ‘); ?>
- Центральный кондиционер| Central air conditioner‘); ?>
- Руф-топ| Roof-top‘); ?>
- Кондиционеры точного контроля|Precise control air conditioners‘); ?>
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